Last Updated on September 2, 2022 by admin
Treatment of Micrognathia
Among the main causes of micrognathia is a genetic predisposition to it. Luckily, surgical solutions for this condition are available. In this article, we’ll discuss the causes of this condition, how it is treated, and environmental factors. To learn more, continue reading! Here are the best methods for treating micrognathia. We’ll also discuss what treatment options are available and the risks involved. To make a better decision, consider talking to your doctor.
Micrognathia Congenital
Micrognathia is a rare disorder that can be inherited or result from random genetic mutation. When pregnant, doctors can diagnose micrognathia using two different methods: ultrasound or prenatal imaging. During an ultrasound, doctors can see a baby’s jaw and attempt to measure its length and width. This is a risk factor for associated birth defects. This condition is often associated with a lower jaw that is too short for its head.
If suspected during pregnancy, a physician will perform a karyotype to exclude any chromosomal abnormalities. The karyotype can also help rule out an underlying disorder, such as trisomy 18. Other symptoms of micrognathia include glossoptosis and Robin sequence. Fortunately, micrognathia is generally not a life-threatening condition and can be managed successfully once a child is born.
Early diagnosis is the most important part of treating micrognathia. Your healthcare provider will assess the severity of your child’s micrognathia and help you decide which course of action is best. If a doctor feels that micrognathia is causing breathing difficulties, he or she can recommend non-surgical options. Other methods involve positioning the baby’s mouth and nostrils so that the airway is open during birth. Eventually, a tube will need to be placed in the baby’s throat to help the baby breathe.
Ultrasound has been used to diagnose micrognathia, which is a relatively common disorder. Ultrasound technology is helpful in identifying this condition and the underlying genetic syndromes associated with it. Ultrasound-guided diagnostic testing of prenatally developed fetal imaging can help determine whether the child has micrognathia. mediculs can order a prenatal ultrasound to confirm the diagnosis. The results of these tests are usually available within a day of diagnosis, but some complications can occur.
If your child has a severe case of micrognathia, ex utero intrapartum treatment is a reasonable option. A neonate with a 5% jaw index may be a candidate for the EXIT-to-Airway procedure. Patients with severe micrognathia are at high risk for airway obstruction at birth. In the authors’ article, they present a case in which a patient with micrognathia underwent this treatment after he was 20 weeks gestation. In the same patient, the tracheostomy was successful. This procedure resulted in a child with a severe case of micorgnathia and polyhydramnios.
Acquired
A wide range of factors can lead to micrognathia. Some are hereditary while others are acquired. In a case of acquired micrognathia, the problem does not become apparent until the child reaches the age of four to six years. Birth trauma or infection of the temporomandibular joint may cause ankylosis of the jaw, resulting in stunted growth at the head of the condyle. A true case of micrognathia requires arthroplasty to correct the deficiency.
Diagnosis of micrognathia is very important, especially in cases of other structural abnormalities. If the condition is present during pregnancy, the fetal karyotyping is highly recommended. Prenatal invasive testing should include PCR and microarray analysis. Exome sequencing is also useful but expensive. Only after informing the parents, is it appropriate to perform this type of testing. The best course of treatment for this condition is interdisciplinary counseling for the mother and child.
Fetal micrognathia is most commonly diagnosed during the second trimester, although it can occur in the first trimester as well. The mandible and maxilla are best assessed during this period, as the fetal face may be obstructed by a posteriorly positioned cleft palate. The fetal mandible may also be small compared to the rest of the facial profile, making it difficult to diagnose prenatally.
The primary goals of treatment include restoration of joint function, mandibular growth, and facial esthetics. If treatment fails, surgical options can be used. The main surgical goals for micrognathia include repositioning the mandible and restoring facial balance. Sometimes, a child’s mandible must be extended to feed. If these efforts fail, a child may require further treatment, which may include surgery to reconstruct the mandibular bones.
The most common treatment options for micrognathia include orthodontics, jaw surgery, and dental braces. Treatment for this condition is complex and the patient should consult a maxillofacial surgeon for more detailed information. Micrognathia is one of the most common dental conditions in children. There are several procedures that can correct this condition and preserve its appearance for a lifetime. There are many factors that contribute to micrognathia, including genetics.
Environmental factors
A family history of micrognathia can make the condition more likely to occur in a future child. The risk of recurrence should be evaluated during prenatal counseling. Most conditions associated with micrognathia are autosomal dominant traits, but the exact risk of recurrence cannot be determined without a detailed autopsy. However, the presence of other conditions such as asthma and allergies may contribute to the development of the condition.
Some genetic and environmental factors can disrupt the development of the mandible. In severe cases, environmental factors play a major role in the condition. Some neuromuscular disorders, such as Treacher-Collins syndrome, cause micrognathia, a type of acrofacial dysostosis. In such cases, a fixed contracture of the temporomandibular joint prevents normal development of the mandible. Genetic syndromes may also cause micrognathia.
Symptoms and treatments for micrognathia vary. In most cases, treatment is self-resolving, and the condition often improves with time. However, if treatment is unsuccessful, a child may have to undergo surgery. The child may require positional therapy or surgery to improve breathing. A Nasopharyngeal tube may be inserted through the nasal passageway. While micrognathia usually improves on its own, it may not improve with age.
A small lower jaw is commonly associated with various craniofacial syndromes. It may affect breathing, feeding, and even oral health. A severe case of micrognathia can interfere with a child’s development, affecting breathing, feeding, and oral health. In some cases, micrognathia can lead to obstructive sleep apnea, a disorder wherein the jaw does not properly align.
Treatment
Although the cause of micrognathia is still unknown, most children can be diagnosed with this condition and treated. Treatment may include nonsurgical therapies such as orthodontics, or it may involve surgery. Depending on the severity of the condition, the treatment for micrognathia may take nine to 12 months. This condition can be life-threatening, but with corrective surgery, children with micrognathia can lead a normal life.
Although most cases of micrognathia are congenital, some cases are caused by genetic mutations. Some genetic conditions may also cause the condition. For example, the Pierre Robin syndrome is a genetic condition that can lead to this disorder. Another genetic disorder is also a risk factor. Patients with micrognathia may also be prone to cleft lip or palate, and may need special dental care. The most common treatment for micrognathia is corrective surgery.
Diagnosis of micrognathia begins before birth, when the jaw is growing rapidly. There are several stages to this condition, from when the diagnosis is made to when it becomes apparent. Early diagnosis helps doctors track the jaw growth and determine if additional conditions are present. In addition to surgical intervention, treatment may involve a comprehensive physical exam and X-rays. The doctor will determine when to intervene. The outcome of the treatment depends on the severity of the condition and the age of the child.
The treatment for micrognathia aims at restoring joint function, mandibular growth, facial esthetics, and balance. In addition to cosmetic concerns, micrognathia can cause obstructive sleep apnea. Thus, treatment for micrognathia includes a combination of surgical and nonsurgical procedures. For instance, intraoral corticotomies combined with gradual skeletal distraction are often more effective than traditional micrognathia treatments.
Micrognathia is caused by abnormal bone growth. Studies show that bone resorption is inversely proportional to the size of the jaw, which makes it difficult for the mandibular growth. This disease is most often accompanied by hypoglossia. The onset of micrognathia is accompanied by impairment in the transition from pre-osteoblast to mature osteoblast. Osteoblasts undergo three distinct stages, pre-osteoblasts proliferate and express the collagen type 1 protein (COL1A1). Finally, mature osteoblasts differentiate and express osteocalcin, a factor essential for the development of the mandible.
